Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy:

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a type of analytical technique used to determine the concentration of a particular element in a sample. The basic principle of AAS is that atoms absorb light at specific wavelengths, and this absorption is directly proportional to the concentration of the element present in the sample.

In AAS, a sample is first atomized, which means that it is converted into a vapor of individual atoms. This can be done using various methods, such as flame atomization or graphite furnace atomization. The atomized sample is then exposed to light of a specific wavelength, which is absorbed by the atoms of the element of interest. The amount of light absorbed is measured and compared to a calibration curve, which relates the amount of absorption to the concentration of the element in the sample.

AAS is a highly sensitive technique and can be used to analyze a wide range of elements, including metals and metalloids, in various types of samples, such as liquids, solids, and gases. It is widely used in environmental, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, as well as in forensic and medical analysis.